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Bridging the heavens and Earth

Tuesday, 24 September 2024 14:00
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Boston MA (SPX) Sep 19, 2024
When Jared Bryan talks about his seismology research, it's with a natural finesse. He's a fifth-year PhD student working with MIT Assistant Professor William Frank on seismology research, drawn in by the lab's combination of GPS observations, satellites, and seismic station data to understand the underlying physics of earthquakes. He has no trouble talking about seismic velocity in fault zones o
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Los Angeles CA (SPX) Sep 20, 2024
Lavas from volcanic hotspots around the world, such as Hawaii, Samoa, and Iceland, likely come from a chemically uniform reservoir in Earth's mantle, according to new research published in 'Nature Geoscience'. The study challenges the long-standing belief that the mantle contains chemically distinct reservoirs. The research suggests that Earth's mantle is more homogeneous than scientists h

Draco mission made for destruction

Tuesday, 24 September 2024 12:00
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ESA Space Debris project - DRACO

Over the nearly 70 years of spaceflight, about 10 000 intact satellites and rocket bodies have reentered the atmosphere with many more to follow. Yet for such a ubiquitous event, we still lack a clear view on what actually happens to a satellite during its fiery last moments.

ESA is preparing the Destructive Reentry Assessment Container Object (Draco) mission that will collect unique measurements during an actual reentry and breakup of a satellite from the inside. A capsule especially designed to survive the destruction will transmit the valuable telemetry shortly after.

LUNA infographics

Tuesday, 24 September 2024 07:53
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LUNA infographics Image: LUNA infographics
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Station Science Top News: September 20, 2024 - NASA
The ECOSTRESS instrument on the International Space Station. Credit: NASA

At the International Space station, researchers are making strides in everything from Earth science to chemical properties. Here's what they're up to and why it matters.

Recently, researchers have found that eddies, or swirling wind patterns, increased moisture evaporation in an alfalfa field. A better understanding of the complex exchange of water and heat between the ground and atmosphere could improve remote sensing products and their use in agricultural water management.

The station's ECOSTRESS instrument takes high-resolution thermal infrared measurements of Earth's surface that provide data on changes in , vegetation water stress, and agricultural water use. Researchers use observations from the USGS Landsat 8 and 9 satellites and ECOSTRESS to validate and update data on Earth's surface energy (the amount of energy absorbed from the sun and radiated back into the atmosphere).

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Low gravity in space travel found to weaken and disrupt normal rhythm in heart muscle cells
Heart tissues within one of the launch-ready chambers. Credit: Jonathan Tsui

Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists who arranged for 48 human bioengineered heart tissue samples to spend 30 days at the International Space Station report evidence that the low gravity conditions in space weakened the tissues and disrupted their normal rhythmic beats when compared to Earth-bound samples from the same source.

The scientists said the tissues "really don't fare well in space," and over time, the tissues aboard the space station beat about half as strongly as tissues from the same source kept on Earth.

The findings, they say, expand scientists' knowledge of low gravity's potential effects on astronauts' survival and health during long space missions, and they may serve as models for studying heart muscle aging and therapeutics on Earth.

A report of the scientists' analysis of the tissues is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Previous studies showed that some astronauts return to Earth from outer space with age-related conditions, including reduced heart muscle function and arrythmias (irregular heartbeats), and that some—but not all—effects dissipate over time after their return.

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A Soyuz capsule with 2 Russians and 1 American from the International Space Station returns to Earth
In this photo taken from video released by Roscosmos space corporation, rescue team members help NASA astronaut Tracy Dyson to leave the capsule shortly after the landing of the Russian Soyuz MS-25 space capsule carrying the NASA astronaut Tracy Dyson and the Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko and Nikolai Chub, south-east of the Kazakh town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan, Monday, Sept.
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