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Martian rock on the move

Written by  Wednesday, 09 April 2025 09:00
Acheron Fossae as seen by ESA’s Mars Express

This new snapshot from the European Space Agency’s Mars Express deftly captures the two distinct faces of Mars: ridged and rugged versus smooth and unmarked.

The smooth, unwrinkled patch at the lower centre of the image is the start of younger plains extending away from Acheron Fossae. Closer to the grabens, the plains are marked by signs of flowing rock glaciers (either shards of rock captured within flowing ice, an ice flow covered by rocky scree, or something in between). We can see where this flowing rock has moved away from the cliffs to form softly meandering lines, reminiscent of waves breaking on a beach, and culminated in build-ups of rock that gently slope away from the cliffs (‘debris aprons’).

The 3D perspective views below zoom in on some elements of the main image, including the signs of glacial flow, the grabens and where the grabens meet the smooth plain.

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