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How Rocks Say Don't Touch: Sols 4032-4034

Sunday, 10 December 2023 06:46
Pasadena CA (JPL) Dec 11, 2023
Earth planning date: Friday, December 8, 2023: As we climb through the terrain, which is beautiful to look at with its steep topography, we are on the lookout for all the differences in the rocks. As a geologist, I marvel at the diversity, and I can spend quite some time just looking around, discovering the different things that there are to see. Have a look at this workspace mosaic, which is th
Pasadena CA (JPL) Dec 11, 2023
Astronomers found what looks like a glowing cloud of dust from a massive planetary pile-up-and NASA volunteers helped make the discovery! A recent paper in Nature describes how an international group of professional and amateur astronomers teamed up to measure the heat glow of two ice giant planets colliding and see the resultant dust cloud moving in front of the parent star several years later.

Observatory to unravel universe's mysteries

Sunday, 10 December 2023 06:46
Sydney, Australia (SPX) Dec 11, 2023
Deep beneath a hill in the rural Kaiping area of Jiangmen, China's largest underground laboratory, the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), is on the verge of completing a decade-long construction project that promises to shed light on some of the universe's most enduring mysteries. Our expedition to this clandestine scientific haven began with a 15-minute journey in a dimly l
Boulder CO (SPX) Dec 10, 2023
A new group of graduate students and postdocs are hard at work this fall with full freedom to explore a variety of solar and space physics research paths because of a unique fellowship program started by the University of Colorado Boulder at the time of the relocation of the National Science Foundation's National Solar Observatory to campus. The George Ellery Hale Fellowships, created by t

When is an aurora not an aurora

Sunday, 10 December 2023 06:46
Berkeley CA (SPX) Dec 11, 2023
The shimmering green, red and purple curtains of the northern and southern lights - the auroras - may be the best-known phenomena lighting up the nighttime sky, but the most mysterious are the mauve and white streaks called Steve and their frequent companion, a glowing green "picket fence." First recognized in 2018 as distinct from the common auroras, Steve - a tongue-in-cheek reference to
Greenbelt MD (SPX) Dec 11, 2023
The best known use of GPS satellites is to help people know their location whether driving a car, navigating a ship or plane, or trekking across remote territory. Another important, but lesser-known, use is to distribute information to other Earth-viewing satellites to help them pinpoint measurements of our planet. NASA and several other federal agencies, including the U.S. Space Force, U.
Los Angeles CA (SPX) Dec 11, 2023
Ovzon, a prominent player in mobile satellite communication, is on the cusp of a significant milestone with its latest project, Ovzon 3. This satellite, poised for launch no earlier than December 15, 2023, represents a critical advancement in the field of space technology. In partnership with SpaceX, Ovzon 3 will be launched from the historic Cape Canaveral, Florida, using the renowned Falcon 9
The longstanding mystery of Mars' moons—and the mission that could solve it
Credit: NASA

The two small moons of Mars, Phobos (about 22km in diameter) and Deimos (about 13km in diameter), have been puzzling scientists for decades, with their origin remaining a matter of debate. Some have proposed that they may be made up of residual debris produced from a planet or large asteroid smashing into the surface of Mars (#TeamImpact).

An opposing hypothesis (#TeamCapture), however, suggests the moons are asteroids that were captured by Mars's gravitational pull and were trapped in orbit.

To solve the mystery, we'll need material from the moons' surfaces for analytical analyses on Earth. Luckily, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Jaxa) will launch a mission, named "Martian Moon eXploration" (MMX), to Phobos and Deimos in September 2024. The mission will be carried by a newly designed rocket, the H-3, which is still under development.

The spacecraft is expected to reach Martian orbit in 2025, after which it will orbit Phobos and finally collect material from its surface before returning to Earth by 2029.

This will make it the next in a series of recent missions bringing material from space back to Earth, following on from Jaxa's successful mission to asteroid Ryugu (Hayabusa2), as well as Nasa's Osiris-Rex mission to asteroid Bennu and the Chinese Space Agency's Chang'e 5 mission to the Moon.

Hubble captures a cluster in the cloud
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope can resolve individual stars in the densely-packed cores of globular clusters like NGC 2210. Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, A. Sarajedini

This striking Hubble Space Telescope image shows the densely packed globular cluster known as NGC 2210, which is situated in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The LMC lies about 157,000 light-years from Earth and is a so-called satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, meaning that the two galaxies are gravitationally bound. Globular clusters are very stable, tightly bound clusters of thousands or even millions of stars. Their stability means that they can last a long time, and therefore globular clusters are often studied to investigate potentially very old stellar populations.

In fact, 2017 using some of the data that were also used to build this image revealed that a sample of LMC were incredibly close in age to some of the oldest stellar clusters found in the Milky Way's halo.

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