CLS (Collect Localisation Satellites) is a CNES subsidiary which operates and/or processes data from more than 80 instruments on board nearly 40 satellites.

It has acquired expertise and experience during more than 20 years of operating satellite systems. CLS is a major contributor to global efforts in the field of environmental monitoring, sustainable management of marine resources and maritime safety. CLS solutions offer direct operational support to government, institutions and industries working in these areas.

Among other satellite systems, it is operating the Argos System.

EPOCH IPS is a COTS software product (Commercially available Off-The-Shelf) intially developed by the company Integral System Inc., which is now Kratos ISI Inc. (after the merger with Kratos in 2011).

EPOCH is a product solution for satellite command and control. It is able to control an array of satellites with minimal personnel. A combination of EPOCH IPS’s open architecture, graphical user interface and automated monitoring and control features allows users to monitor and control both satellite and ground systems. EPOCH IPS’s architecture consists of several servers and user workstations all connected through an Ethernet local access network (LAN). EPOCH Integrated Product Suite contains EPOCH T&C Serverand EPOCH Client, which are Integral Systems' real-time satellite data processing and control software products. EPOCH Integrated Product Suite provides satellite command and control capabilities, including telemetry processing and display, commanding and command verification, ground-station control, alarm or event processing and data archiving. These functions are driven by the EPOCH Database product, allowing the system to support multiple satellites through database updates without modifying the run-time software.

EPOCH IPS is a COTS software product (Commercially available Off-The-Shelf) intially developed by the company Integral System Inc., which is now Kratos ISI Inc. (after the merger with Kratos in 2011).

EPOCH is a product solution for satellite command and control. It is able to control an array of satellites with minimal personnel. A combination of EPOCH IPS’s open architecture, graphical user interface and automated monitoring and control features allows users to monitor and control both satellite and ground systems. EPOCH IPS’s architecture consists of several servers and user workstations all connected through an Ethernet local access network (LAN). EPOCH Integrated Product Suite contains EPOCH T&C Serverand EPOCH Client, which are Integral Systems' real-time satellite data processing and control software products. EPOCH Integrated Product Suite provides satellite command and control capabilities, including telemetry processing and display, commanding and command verification, ground-station control, alarm or event processing and data archiving. These functions are driven by the EPOCH Database product, allowing the system to support multiple satellites through database updates without modifying the run-time software.

Integral Systems Europe (ISE) is a subsidiary of the company American company Integral Systems Inc., specializing in satellite ground systems.  ISE provides complete ground station integrated solutions including hardware, software and associated services. ISE manages sales in the European, Middle Eastern, Central Asian, and African geographical areas. ISE role is to provide COTS (Commercial-Off-the-Shelf) based solutions for:

• Satellite Control Systems,
• CSM (Carrier Systems Monitoring),
• M&C (Monitoring and Control),
• Military Networks.

Kratos Integral Systems International Inc. is a provider of products, systems and services for satellite command and control, telemetry and digital signal processing, data communications, enterprise network management and communications information assurance. Kratos ISI specializes in the development, management and operation of secure communications networks, both satellite and terrestrial, as well as systems and services to detect, characterize and geolocate sources of RF interference. Its customers include U.S. and foreign commercial, government, military and intelligence organizations.

Kratos Integral Systems International, Inc. has long-term relationships with the U.S. DOD, NASA, NOAA.

On July 27, 2011, Kratos Defense & Security Solutions Inc.  merged with the company Integral Systems Inc. Now (2012), the company Kratos ISI is linked to the following network of companies :

• Integral Systems, Inc.,
• Integral Systems Europe, 
• Lumistar, Inc., 
• Newpoint Technologies, Inc., 
• RT Logic SAT Corporation and CVG-Avtec.

SCISYS is a British software and services company that specialises in solving complex problems, for example:

• Mission control systems for the European Space Agency (ESA), the RNLI and Ministry Of Defence
• Robotics and Autonomy systems in the space, defence and utilities markets
• Geographic Information Systems, e.g. for the Coal Authority
• Innovative Software- and System Solutions for Ground Segments, Service Centres, Data Services, Integrated Applications and ICT Infrastructures
• Advanced meteorological systems and complete solutions for Earth Observation, meteorological receptions systems
• Professional engineering and consultancy services for the support of space programmes and missions

ScanEx Research and Development Center (ScanEx R&D Center) is a Russian company on the remote sensing market.

It offers a set of services ranging from acquisition to thematic processing of Earth observation images from space. In 2012, ScanEx had signed license agreements with the top world remote sensing operators for direct data acquisition from IRS, SPOT, EROS, RADARSAT and ENVISAT satellites series to proprietary UniScan™ ground stations, enabling regular near real-time monitoring of territories of Russia and the CIS countries with spatial resolution from hundreds to less than one meter.

Iridium Communications Inc. is a company, based in McLean, Virginia, United States which operates the Iridium satellite constellation, a system of 66 active satellites used for worldwide voice and data communication from hand-heldsatellite phones and other transceiver units. The Iridium network is unique in that it covers the whole Earth, including poles, oceans and airways. The company derives its name from the chemical element iridium. The number of satellites projected in the early stages of planning was 77, the atomic number of iridium, evoking the metaphor of 77 electrons orbiting the nucleus.

The Iridium satellite constellation is a large group of satellites providing voice and data coverage to satellite phones, pagers and integrated transceivers over Earth's entire surface. The company Iridium Communications Inc. owns and operates the constellation and sells equipment and access to its services.

The constellation operates 66 active satellites in orbit to complete its constellation and additional spare satellites are kept in-orbit to serve in case of failure. Satellites are in low Earth orbit at a height of approximately 485 mi (781 km) and inclination of 86.4°. Orbital velocity of the satellites is approximately 17,000 mph (27,000 km/h). Satellites communicate with neighboring satellites via K_a band inter-satellite links. Each satellite can have four inter-satellite links: two to neighbors fore and aft in the same orbital plane, and two to satellites in neighboring planes to either side. The satellites orbit from pole to pole with an orbit of roughly 100 minutes. This design means that there is excellent satellite visibility and service coverage at the North and South poles, where there are few customers. The over-the-pole orbital design produces "seams" where satellites in counter-rotating planes next to one another are traveling in opposite directions. Cross-seam inter-satellite link hand-offs would have to happen very rapidly and cope with large Doppler shifts; therefore, Iridium supports inter-satellite links only between satellites orbiting in the same direction.