The SQUIRE project is launching quantum spin sensors on the China Space Station to investigate exotic-boson-mediated interactions, encompassing 16 different theoretical forms that can shift atomic energy levels. The sensors are designed to detect pseudomagnetic fields generated by interplay between their atomic spins and geoelectrons found within Earth's crust and mantle.
The China Space S by Riko Seibo
Tokyo, Japan (SPX) Nov 08, 2025
The SQUIRE project is launching quantum spin sensors on the China Space Station to investigate exotic-boson-mediated interactions, encompassing 16 different theoretical forms that can shift atomic energy levels. The sensors are designed to detect pseudomagnetic fields generated by interplay between their atomic spins and geoelectrons found within Earth's crust and mantle.
The China Space Station's low Earth orbit at 7.67 km per second provides a substantial advantage, achieving a velocity roughly 400 times that of lab-based systems. The station's motion enables modulation of exotic interaction signals into periodic oscillations at low frequencies, using Earth's abundant natural polarized electron spins as a source.
SQUIRE's engineering focuses on high sensitivity and reliability for extended operation in space. Its prototype sensor uses isotopes 129Xe and 131Xe with opposing gyromagnetic ratios to minimize magnetic interference. Advanced shielding and a vibration compensation system help isolate relevant signals. Moreover, the equipment is built with radiation-tolerant electronics for durability in the orbital environment.
With a single-shot sensitivity of 4.3 femtotesla correlated to the station's orbital cycle, the system is capable of registering signals beyond ground-based detection capabilities. This design is projected to improve sensitivity to velocity-dependent exotic interactions by 6 to 7 orders of magnitude.
Looking forward, the SQUIRE network intends to link both spaceborne and terrestrial quantum sensors, extending the range of dark matter and exotic physics research. The framework is adaptable to use distant planetary bodies, such as Jupiter, as additional polarized spin resources for future missions beyond low Earth orbit.
Research Report:Quantum sensors in space: unveiling the invisible universe
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