More generally, ESA and Australia have held a long-standing, close and productive relationship in areas such as Earth observation, space science and technology, and have been sharing data and expertise for many years. Located 140 kilometres north of Perth, the New Norcia station, operated by ESA and housing a 35-metre, deep space antenna, is testimony to this close relationship. Another deep space antenna is currently under construction on the site and will be operational from the end of 2025.